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Showing posts with label Libya. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Libya. Show all posts

Tuesday, June 21, 2011

Libya: 'Forced to rape in Misrata'

Unknown | 10:40 PM | | | | Best Blogger Tips



The rebels did not want the men to be identified
Was there a systematic campaign of rape by forces loyal to Libyan leader Colonel Muammar Gaddafi during the battle for Misrata?
Two young prisoners in a detention centre in the city tell me the answer is almost certainly "yes", and that they took part in the gang-rape of four women.
The men, aged 17 and 21, are sitting on a sofa - heads bowed - in the same filthy, bloodstained army fatigues they were captured in two weeks ago.
They are obviously nervous, but speak clearly.
The authorities in this rebel-held city were reluctant to let us interview them, but finally agreed on condition we do not reveal the soldiers' names.
Before I go any further, let me acknowledge that it is clearly in the rebels' interest to portray Col Gaddafi's forces in the worst possible light.
It is also possible that the soldiers were coerced into telling us lies.
And there is a big difference between individual acts of violence committed during wartime and a systematic campaign to target civilians.

Here, in their own words, then is what they told me, through a reliable interpreter.My impression was that the men were telling the truth and that - although there are credible stories of abuse of pro-Gaddafi troops by rebel forces - the conditions and atmosphere at the prison, which I have visited before, appeared benign.
The 17-year-old did most of the talking and his colleague occasionally nodded or added a few sentences. I've added some details in parenthesis.
'Shot them in the leg'
"They brought us in a group of 400 people to Misrata, saying the city is under attack from Algerian and Egyptian mercenaries and that we have come here to liberate Misrata. They divided us into groups and we went our separate ways.
"First we knocked at a door and nobody opened so we broke the door and entered the house.
"The mother was screaming and when we pointed the gun at her, she stopped screaming.
"Then we tied up the mother and father and their boys [three of them] by their feet and hands. Then we shot every one of them in the leg.
The extremely conservative culture in Libya regards rape as a matter of profound shame
"Then the officers took the girls upstairs, and we were told to go on the roof [to keep guard] until the officers had finished the rape and then we were told to rape the girls too.
"We felt scared, but when we refused to rape, they started to beat us.
"There were four girls aged between about 20 and 24.
"They were conscious [during the rapes]. I raped one.
"The girls said nothing. They were tired and they were in bad shape because there were 20 officers before us.
"It happened in the morning, and lasted about an hour and a half.
"The officers brought in a music system and listened to pop music, and smoked and danced during the rapes.
"I'm not happy with what I did but I don't feel nervous or frightened now, and I want to emphasise that the officers forced us to rape.
"They told us that if you rape any girls, we will give you money and we got 10 dinars [$8, £5] each afterwards.
"This was my first time to have sex. I have four sisters at home."
No official complaints
I asked the men if they knew of other instances of rape, and whether it happened often.
"I think it happened so many times. Most of the people who raped families here were from the special forces and we heard on the radio [their military radio system] that there were about 50 families that experienced rape."
The rebel authorities in Misrata say they believe there may be hundreds of victims, but so far no-one has made an official complaint.
The fighting in the city has only just ended, and many families have been displaced while others are missing.There are many possible reasons for this.
The city's phone network is down and communications are slow.
The number of rapes may be far smaller than officials are suggesting.
But perhaps the most significant factor is the extremely conservative culture in Libya - and in Misrata in particular - which regards rape as a matter of profound shame for an entire family, and not something to be mentioned in public.
"This is very sensitive - a delicate matter," says Dr Ismael Fortia, an obstetrician living in Misrata, who is now on a medical committee that has been set up to investigate the rape allegations and to try to help any victims.
"No victims have come forward, but we hope after some psychological [help] they'll come and talk to us."
Dr Fortia believes that the final figure will probably run into the hundreds.
"I think this is a big problem - much bigger than we think. People [in Misrata] feel deep pain, and depression. This has affected us much more than anything else during the fighting."
Dr Fortia confirmed two stories I had heard elsewhere in the city from a number of sources.
The first is that some rebel fighters have now offered to marry the rape victims, "to spare their families from shame".
The second is that there are a number of "rape videos", recorded by Col Gaddafi's soldiers on their mobile phones, which are now circulating in Misrata.
I have confirmed the existence of at least one, which was seen by a trusted colleague.




Libya rape victims 'face honour killings'

Unknown | 10:28 PM | | | | | | Best Blogger Tips


The International Criminal Court believes Col Gaddafi's forces are using rape as a weapon of war
Libyan women and girls who become pregnant through rape risk being murdered by their own families in so-called "honour killings", according to Libyan aid workers.

Rape is a sensitive topic worldwide, but in this country it is even more of a taboo.
"In Libya when rape occurs, it seems to be a whole village or town which is seen to be dishonoured," says Arafat Jamal of the UN refugee agency, UNHCR.
Libyan charities say they are getting reports that in the west of the country, which is particularly conservative, Col Muammar Gaddafi's forces have tended to rape women and girls in front of their fathers and brothers.
"To be seen naked and violated is worse than death for them," says Hana Elgadi. "This is a region where women will not go out of the house without covering their face with a veil."
Ms Elgadi is in a group of Libyan volunteers offering medical help and HIV tests. The organisation is also offering to pay for abortions for women who have been raped in the war.
'Killing with love'
"Time is against us," says Nader Elhamessi from the Libyan aid agency, World for Libya.


"For the moment pregnancies can be disguised, but not for much longer. Many fathers will kill their own daughters if they find out they have been raped."
"It is killing done with love," says Ms Elgadi. "They believe they are saving the girl."
"That's why we are offering to pay for abortions for women who want them," says Ms Elgadi. She says fatwas - Islamic clerical rulings - have already been made, which sanction abortion in circumstances such as rape.
The charity World for Libya has engaged imams across the border in Tunisia to preach that rape is not the victim's fault.
An estimated 130,000 people have fled western Libya for Tunisia, and the Libyan NGOs which have sprung up to deal with their needs say they believe many are rape survivors who are too ashamed to come forward for help.
World for Libya is trying to reach a group of teenage girls still inside Libya whose school was attacked by forces loyal to Col Gaddafi.
"The armed men separated the girls and raped those they deemed more attractive," says Nader Elhamessi. "One of the girls cut her wrists and killed herself rather than face the shame. The rapes were only reported to us by the girls who were left alone."
One family who contacted Ms Elgadi needed medication for HIV.
"The mother, the father and the son were all raped by Col Gaddafi's forces. The mother came to us when they discovered they had contracted HIV/Aids as a result."
Viagra
Ms Elgadi says the father has gone back to Tripoli rather than get help. "The mother desperately wants anti-retrovirals for herself and her son, but is afraid to go to the hospital in Tunisia in case other Libyan refugees see her and guess that she has been raped."


"Rape is a crime in this war, like being shot," says Ms Elhamessi. "We are even flying in a highly respected sheikh from the Emirates so he can get this message across."
The International Criminal Court says it believes Col Gaddafi's forces are using rape as a weapon of war. The ICC says it has reason to believe orders to rape were given, and the drug Viagra was distributed to fighters.
A major in the Libyan army who has now deserted told the BBC the shipments of Viagra were widely known about, but neither he nor his colleagues saw them.
"The order to rape was not given to the regular army," says the major, who did not want his name to be used, because his family is still in Tripoli. "Col Gaddafi knew we would never accept it. It was given to the mercenaries."
Mr Jamal, the UNHCR's emergency co-ordinator for Libya, says it has not so far uncovered evidence that rape has been used as a weapon of war, although it has seen evidence of individual instances of rape throughout the country.
"We have also seen evidence that would seem to suggest that rape has been carried out by both sides, but we cannot say on what scale," he says.
Libyan volunteers are advising international agencies on how to get Libyans who have been raped to come forward.
"A foreigner cannot go in there with a clipboard and a translator and get a response," says Ms Elgadi.

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